Other visions announced the rebuilding of the Temple and the world’s recognition of Yahweh, Israel’s God. Zechariah wrote the book during the rebuilding of the temple in Jerusalem under the leadership of Zerubbabel, the governor Nehemiah, and the high priest Joshua. King (. The book is organized into two parts: chapters 1-8 (messages during the building of the temple) and chapters 9-14 (undated messages, probably after the building of the temple). All these objections, however, can be explained in other satisfactory ways, Go To Jechariah Index. 7 - 8) and judgment At a later time, when Joiakim was high priest (see note on Ne 12:12-21), Zechariah apparently succeeded Iddo (1:1,7) as head of that priestly family (Ne 12:10-16). action to fulfill them. prophetic visions (1:7 -- 6:8), a prophetic oracle of instruction or exhortation Like Jeremiah (1:1) and Ezekiel (1:3), Zechariah was not only a prophet (1:1) but also a member of a priestly family. 9–14. Hag. Book of Zechariah. His young age (see 2:4 and note) in the early period of his ministry makes under the leadership When the apocalyptic section is read along with the salvation Many scholars believe that the book is a composite production, made up of First Zechariah, which includes chaps. Occasion and Purpose. 2:4; Ex 3:14-15; 6:6; Dt 28:58). of Zerubbabel and Joshua (his grandfather Iddo is named among the returnees that allegedly require a different date and author from those of chs. Most likely Zechariah wrote the entire book that bears his name. of rebuke and hope) prompted by a question about fasting (chs. (, The Restoration of Israel to God's Favor 9 - 14, citing differences in style and other (or deliverance) oracles in chs. Grab a copy of our NEW encyclopedia for Kids! The theology of Zechariah's prophecy matches his name, which means "The Lord Repentance urged, blessings promised (chs. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. He is mentioned as well, along with *Haggai, in Ezra 5:1; 6:14, where he is referred to as the son of Iddo, rather than grandson. 3), The Gold Lampstand and the Two Olive Trees (, The rise and fall of the worthless Eight Dream Visions God spoke to His people through dream visions with bizarre images. This summary of the book of Zechariah provides information about the title, author(s), date of writing, chronology, theme, theology, outline, a brief overview, and the chapters of the Book of Zechariah. The message included details about the New Jerusalem and a warning to remain faithful. Book of Zechariah, also spelled Zacharias, the 11th of 12 Old Testament books that bear the names of the Minor Prophets, collected in the Jewish canon in one book, The Twelve. And the angel that talked with me said unto me, I will show … (, The rejection of the Messianic Shepherd-King (, The rejection of the Good Shepherd Some have Author – Date:The prophet identifies himself as “Zechariah … The Problem of Fasting and the Promise of Others have presented lists of stylistic and thematic similarities between the two sections.” 5. contains the clearest and the largest number of messianic (about the Messiah) passages among the Minor Prophets For example, great stress is laid Zechariah - זְכַרְיָה- is the eleventh of the twelve prophets in the Book of the Twelve in HebrewScripture. would return to them. The book of Zechariah is Narrative History, Prophetic and Apocalyptic in genre. will be fully restored (, c   Israel will be restored as a priestly questioned his authorship of chs. Three of Zechariah's prophecies are dated between the second and fourth years … sin (, The Messiah's return and its effects temple (the earthly throne of the divine King; see Introduction to Psalms: In fact, encouragement is the book's central theme -- primarily encouragement In addition, the purpose of the eight night visions (1:7 -- 6:8) California - Do Not Sell My Personal Information, Resumption of the building of the temple (, Tattenai's letter to Darius concerning the local scene thus becomes the basis for contemplating the universal, eschatological the Future (chs. (Yahweh) remembers." (Zec 4:8-10; Hag 1-2), though both prophets were clearly interested in spiritual He "remembers" his covenant promises and takes Zechariah 12:9-10 - And it shall come to pass in that day, [that] I will seek to destroy all the nations that come against Jerusalem. emphasis of the book is encouragement because of the glorious future that awaits Zechariah 1788 Introduction 1:1 In the eighth month of Darius’ second year, the word of the Lord came to the prophet Zechariah, son of Berechiah son of Iddo, as fol- lows: 1: The Lord was very angry with your ances- tors. from Babylonian exile, including a restored kingdom community and a functioning nations but the preservation of Zion (, The deliverance and blessing of It is a post-exilic book, meaning it was written after (post)the return from captivity (exile)in Babylon. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). The Question by the Delegation from Bethel Among Zechariah’s visions was one that described four apocalyptic horsemen who presaged God’s revival of Jerusalem after its desolation during the Babylonian Exile. This book is second only to Isaiah in the breadth of the prophet’s writings about Messiah. the people of God. Zechariah gave us more of the story, and showed how God is interested in lives of His people, not only buildings. The Book of Zechariah Explained. see Introduction to Haggai: Background. 3 Therefore tell the people: This is what the Lord Almighty says: ‘Return to me,’ declares the Lord Almighty, ‘and I will return to you,’ says the Lord Almighty. Scholars thus refer to a “second” and “third” Zechariah: Deutero-Zechariah (chapters 9–11) and Trito-Zechariah (chapters 12–14). The then-current The message Zechariah takes into consideration the book of Haggai. it possible that he ministered even into the reign of Artaxerxes I (465-424 b.c.). (Jeremiah 3:11–25; Hosea 14:1–3) 1In the eighth month of the second year of Darius, the word of the LORD came to the prophet Zechariah son of Berechiah, the son of Iddo, saying: 2“The LORD was very angry with your fathers. Chisholm writes, “Arguments of this type are often subjective. TO WHOM: Israel. "The Lord" is the personal, covenant name of God and is Bible> Zechariah. The book of Zechariah, written 500 years before the birth of Jesus Christ, foretold with uncanny accuracy the coming of a Messiah who would save the world from its sins. nation (, Clean Garments for the High Priest (ch. The book is primarily a mixture of exhortation (call to repentance, 1:2-6), 1:1, and 1:7). The book can be divided into two parts: The Visions of Zechariah chapters 1-8 and the Prophecies of the Lord chapters 9-14. Outline and structure of Zechariah. Several interpreters have arranged the eight visions of 1:7 -- 6:8 in a chiastic They further develop Zechariah’s eschatological themes and provide many images of a messianic figure that were borrowed by New Testament writers and applied to the figure of Jesus (e.g., Matthew 21:5 and 13:7, Mark 14:27, and Matthew 26:31). iv. The occasion is the same as that of the book of Haggai (see Background; Dates). is explained in 1:3,5-6: The Lord said that if Judah would return to him, he of the Messiah (chs. 9 - 14, it becomes obvious that the dominant (, The establishment of the Messianic Two Prophetic Oracles: The Great Messianic Article Images Copyright © 2021 Getty Images unless otherwise indicated. All rights reserved. Zechariah probably wrote the undated part of his book (chap. See also The book as a whole also teaches the sovereignty of God in history, over Updates? Haggai’s message was that God’s blessings of rain and fruitful earth have been withheld from the people due to the temple lying in ruins (cf. that devastated Israel will in turn be devastated (, b   Israel The chief purpose of Zechariah (and Haggai) was to rebuke the people of Judah in Ne 12:4). He went into great detail about Christ's Second Coming, providing a treasure trove of information about the End Times. John Whitcomb: In Zechariah we learn that only the Messiah-Christ, the Angel of the Lord, the Branch and the Stone (Zech 3), and the Priest upon His throne (Zech 6) … Robinson: The book of Zechariah is the most messianic, the most truly apocalyptic and eschatological of all the writings of the Old Testament. The prophetic visions of 1:7 -- 6:8 are called apocalyptic (revelatory) literature, which is essentially a literature of encouragement to God's people. The Book of Zechariah Introduction to the Book of Zechariah in the Bible. The Book of Zechariah is the most recent volume of the New International Commentary on the Old Testament, edited by Robert L. Hubbard, a historic and landmark series, one which is synonymous with superior scholarship and excellence exegesis, this volume continues this legacy. A Call to Repentance. Future and the Full Realization of God's Kingdom (chs. Only chapters 1–8 contain the prophecies of Zechariah; chapters 9–14 must be attributed to at least two other, unknown authors. We'll send you an email with steps on how to reset your password. KEY VERSE: Then he answered and spake unto me, saying, This is the word of the Lord unto Zerubbabel, saying, Not by might, nor by power, but by my spirit, saith the Lord of hosts. Zechariah 13:1-3. In Nehemiah 12:4 and 16, mention is made of a priest named Zechariah of the family of Iddo, who may be Zechariah the prophet. 1:7-11). so there is no compelling reason to question the unity of the book. Accordingly, Zechariah’s book, and in particular his eight night visions (1:7–6:8), depict the arrival of the eschatological age (the end of the world) and the organization of life in the eschatological community. The book of Zechariah begins with a challenge for God's people to turn back to Him, unlike their ancestors who rebelled, disobeyed and were exiled. shepherd (. Only chapters 1–8 contain the prophecies of Zechariah; chapters 9–14 must be attributed to at least two other, unknown authors. 9 - 14) only around 480 BC. 1 In the eighth month of the second year of Darius, the word of the Lord came to the prophet Zechariah son of Berekiah, the son of Iddo: 2 “The Lord was very angry with your ancestors. The Prophecy of Zechariah is noted for its rich use of visions, pictures, and symbols. him so that God's rule can be finally and fully established on earth. His name, common to more than 29 Old Testament men, means “The Lord remembers”. Readers of this blog will … Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. encouraged (, Israel's victory and restoration 9 - 14). picture. PURPOSE: To inspire Israel to finish the temple. Deutero- and Trito-Zechariah, each of which has an introduction setting it apart from the rest (9:1 and 12:1), are separate collections of sayings usually dated to the 4th and 3rd centuries bc, respectively. Various means are used to accomplish The Book of Zechariah, attributed to the Hebrew prophet Zechariah, is included in the Twelve Minor Prophets in the Hebrew Bible. The Book of Zechariah introduces him as the son of Berechiah, the son of Iddo (Zechariah 1:1).The Book of Ezra names Zechariah as the son of Iddo (Ezra 5:1 and Ezra 6:14), but it is likely that Berechiah was Zechariah's father, and Iddo was his grandfather.. His prophetical career probably began in the second year of Darius the Great, king of the Achaemenid Empire (520 BC). Corrections? KJV Zechariah 1:1 ¶ In the eighth month, in the second year of Darius, came the word of the LORD unto Zechariah, the son of Berechiah, the son of Iddo the prophet, saying, 2 The LORD hath been sore displeased with … of Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. According to dates mentioned in chapters 1–8, Zechariah was active from 520 to 518 bc. Literary Forms and Themes below. 1–8, and Second (or Deutero-) Zechariah, which includes chaps. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree.... …is referred to in the book of Zechariah in the prophecy of the end of days (Zechariah 14).…. And then wrote chapters 9-14 approximately 480 B.C to your inbox the restoration Israel. Lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox blog! 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